Role of secretariat of the United Nations Research Paper

Role of secretariat of the United Nations - Research Paper Example Workers hired on a contract for less than a year sum up to around 30000 from 180 states. The Secretariat ascertains general guiding principles and offers overall regulation to the Organization. Its headquarters are situated in New York, with regional offices all over the world. Table of Contents Introduction The United Nations Secretariat - a global workforce functioning at duty stations all over the world - performs a number of tasks for the Organization. It facilitates the other major bodies of the United Nations in administering the plans and strategies. The role played by the Secretariat is as varied as the issues that the United Nations faces. These issues include, but are not limited to; (1) managing peacekeeping functions, (2) arbitrating global arguments, (3) studying fiscal as well as societal drifts and difficulties, and (4) organizing forums on constitutional rights and sustainable growth. Secretariat staff is also responsible for regularly updating the media regarding the work of the United Nations; arrange international discussions on subjects of global distress; and understand speeches and translate documents into the official languages (English and French) of the Organization (Meisler, 2011, p. 21). From the time of its foundation, the Secretariat has gone through extensive restructuring. During the first quarter of year 2005, Secretary-General Kofi Annan recommended quite a lot of transformations for the Secretariat. He declared his targets of hiring a technical consultant, forming a peace-maintaining support group, set up a cabinet-style executive system, and make the conciliation task stronger. He moreover requested the legislative body to (1) provide suitable finances for a â€Å"one-time staff buyout† (Zacklin, 2010, p. 102); (2) to support him in modifying budgetary as well as human resources regulations; (3) to give the Secretary-General additional decision-making power as well as flexibility; (4) to support the ‘Office of Int ernal Oversight Services’; and (5) to evaluate all directives that are more than five years old to notice whether the activities concerned are still actually required or whether the funds allocated to them can be transferred latest emerging challenges. Hypothesis Recently, the Secretariat of United Nations is becoming more and more involved in global peacekeeping issues and this increased involvement modifying the core operations of the organization. The Evolving Role of UN Secretariat The role of the UN Secretariat is generally administrative and incorporates the translation of papers in addition to the organization of conferences. It guarantees that the UN as well as its agencies operates efficiently. Besides, the Secretariat can as well intervene in global arguments and study fiscal and social drifts. It is also in charge for correspondence with the media. The Secretariat is formed â€Å"exclusively of civilians (approximately 250) and has some 40,000 staff members around the world† (Negroponte, 2012, p. 122). As international civil servants, employees and the Secretary-General respond to the United Nations only for their actions and take a pledge not to look for or accept orders from any Government or external power. According to the Charter, â€Å"each member state undertakes to respect the exclusively international character of the responsibilities of the Secretary-General and the staff and to refrain from seeking to influence them improperly in the discharge of their duties†

The ethical appraisal of the scientific paper which is about placeobo Essay

The ethical appraisal of the scientific paper which is about placeobo uploaded - Essay Example This paper discusses one such experiment conducted on live human subjects with use of a sham acupuncture device and an inert pill (composed mostly of starch and colored blue); the objective of the experiment was to determine the placebo effects and also measure how its supposedly enhanced effects can possibly alter the course of the ailment, which was persistent arm pain (upper extremities) due to repetitive use strain injury (Kaptchuk et al. 1). Issues on ethics are examined in the way this experiment was conducted, selection of participants, how informed consent was obtained, and other related ethical issues which might adversely affect them. In terms of selection of potential participants, the study was conducted in an ethical manner as all selected participants were willing to join the study; this means participation was voluntary, and they can opt out at any time they want at any period during the study. Further, all of them were informed of the probable side effects (pain aggravation for acupuncture and dryness of the mouth, dizziness, sleepiness and restlessness for amitriptyline) and so informed consent was properly obtained all throughout the recruitment process (ibid. 2). A study physician was always assigned and present for the duration of the research study to ensure safety of subjects, such as if they ever experienced nocebo or any side effects whatsoever. Moreover, the study authors intentionally shortened the run-in period from the original four weeks to two weeks to minimize any possible harm that might result if the participants were deprived of actual treatment for longer periods. However, an ethical ques tion is always raised by the use of placebo treatments, because the sick participants were deprived of the treatments that could have cured them of the disease or at least minimized their pain or symptoms. This was actually what happened, as several participants within the